•  
  •  
 

The Science Journal of the Lander College of Arts and Sciences

Abstract

Myopia, or nearsightedness, is a refractive error whose prevalence has increased over the past three decades, leading to a growing concern and interest among both the public and scientific communities. For years, the only explanation and basis for myopia has been genetic factors. However, the genetic model does not explain the dramatic increase in prevalence. Current research suggests that the increase is also due to environmental factors, such as fewer hours of outdoor activities, early educational pressures requiring intense close work, as well as a lack of exposure to sunlight. One study compared the prevalence and risk factors for myopia in 6 and 7-year old children of Chinese ethnicity in Sydney and Singapore. In another study, a diffuser was placed over the eyes of chicks which caused the eyes to grow excessively myopic. This increased myopia was due to the lack of dopamine which originates from cells in the eye when stimulated by sunlight. One additional study suggested that formula milk, unlike breast milk, lacks DHA and can also result in myopia. The results of these studies suggest that progressive myopia is due not only to hereditary factors but also due to environmental factors. Recognition of these factors may be useful in developing future treatments.

Share

COinS
 
 

To view the content in your browser, please download Adobe Reader or, alternately,
you may Download the file to your hard drive.

NOTE: The latest versions of Adobe Reader do not support viewing PDF files within Firefox on Mac OS and if you are using a modern (Intel) Mac, there is no official plugin for viewing PDF files within the browser window.