BRAF Inhibitors in BRAF-Mutated Colorectal Cancer: A Systematic Review

Authors

Wajeeha Aiman, Department of Internal Medicine, Saint Michael's Medical Center, New York Medical College, Newark, NJ 07102, USA.
Muhammad Ashar Ali, Department of Internal Medicine, St. Mary's and St. Clare's Hospitals, New York Medical College, Denville, NJ 07834, USA.Follow
Samer Jumean, Department of Internal Medicine, Saint Michael's Medical Center, New York Medical College, Newark, NJ 07102, USA.
Ummul Asfeen, Department of Internal Medicine, Saint Michael's Medical Center, New York Medical College, Newark, NJ 07102, USA.
Jose Garcia, Department of Internal Medicine, Saint Michael's Medical Center, New York Medical College, Newark, NJ 07102, USA.
Murad Quirem, Department of Internal Medicine, Saint Michael's Medical Center, New York Medical College, Newark, NJ 07102, USA.
Amaar Ahmad, Department of Internal Medicine, Saint Michael's Medical Center, New York Medical College, Newark, NJ 07102, USA.Follow
Mohammad Nabil Rayad, Department of Internal Medicine, Saint Michael's Medical Center, New York Medical College, Newark, NJ 07102, USA.
Osama Alkhlaifat, Department of Internal Medicine, Saint Michael's Medical Center, New York Medical College, Newark, NJ 07102, USA.
Bader Al Omour, Department of Hematology/Oncology, Saint Michael's Cancer Center, New York Medical College, Newark, NJ 07102, USA.
Venkata S. Chemarthi, Department of Hematology/Oncology, Saint Michael's Cancer Center, New York Medical College, Newark, NJ 07102, USA.
Michael Maroules, Department of Hematology/Oncology, Saint Mary's Cancer Center, New York Medical College, Passaic, NJ 07055, USA.
Gunwant Guron, Department of Hematology/Oncology, Saint Michael's Cancer Center, New York Medical College, Newark, NJ 07102, USA.
Hamid Shaaban, Department of Hematology/Oncology, Saint Michael's Cancer Center, New York Medical College, Newark, NJ 07102, USA.

Author Type(s)

Resident/Fellow, Faculty

DOI

10.3390/jcm13010113

Journal Title

Journal of Clinical Medicine

Document Type

Article

Publication Date

12-25-2023

Department

Medicine

Abstract

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the second-leading cause of cancer-related deaths globally. BRAF mutation is present in about 10% of CRC patients and is associated with a poor response to chemotherapy. These patients have a relatively poor prognosis. This review aims to assess the efficacy and safety of BRAF inhibitors in BRAF-mutated CRC patients. A literature search was performed on PubMed and Embase, and clinical trials relevant to BRAF inhibitors in CRC were included. Data were extracted for efficacy and safety variables. Two randomized clinical trials (n = 765) and eight non-randomized trials (n = 281) were included based on inclusion criteria. In RCTs, an overall response was reported in 23% of the patients treated with BRAF inhibitor-based regimens compared to 2.5% with control regimens. The hazard ratio of overall survival was also significantly better with triplet encorafenib therapy at 0.52 (95% CI = 0.39-0.70). In single-arm trials, ORR was 17% and 34% in two-drug and three-drug regimens, respectively. BRAF inhibitor-based regimens were safe and effective in the treatment of BRAF-mutated CRC. Large-scale randomized trials are needed to find a suitable population for each regimen. PROSPERO registration No. CRD42023471627.

Recommended Citation

Aiman, W., Ali, M. A., Jumean, S., Asfeen, U., Garcia, J., Quirem, M., Ahmad, A., Rayad, M. N., Alkhlaifat, O., Al Omour, B., Chemarthi, V. S., Maroules, M., Guron, G., & Shaaban, H. (2023). BRAF Inhibitors in BRAF-Mutated Colorectal Cancer: A Systematic Review. Journal of Clinical Medicine, 13 (1). https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm13010113