Impact of Maternal Stressors and Neonatal Clinical Factors on Post-Partum Depression Screening Scores

Authors

Michelle Levinson, Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatal-Perinatal Medicine, New York Medical College, Maria Fareri Children's Hospital, Valhalla, NY, USA.
Boriana Parvez, Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatal-Perinatal Medicine, New York Medical College, Maria Fareri Children's Hospital, Valhalla, NY, USA.Follow
David Aboudi, New York City Department of Health and Mental Hygiene, Division of Mental Health Statistics, New York, NY, USA.Follow
Shetal Shah, Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatal-Perinatal Medicine, New York Medical College, Maria Fareri Children's Hospital, Valhalla, NY, USA.

Author Type(s)

Faculty

DOI

10.1080/14767058.2020.1754394

Journal Title

The Journal of Maternal-Fetal & Neonatal Medicine

First Page

1328

Last Page

1336

Document Type

Article

Publication Date

4-1-2022

Department

Pediatrics

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Higher rates of postpartum depression (PPD) are reported in mothers of neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) hospitalized infants. The relationship of neonatal clinical risk factors and self-reported maternal stress levels to positive PPD screening is not well characterized. OBJECTIVE: To determine the feasibility of postpartum depression screening in a regional perinatal center, and assess the association of NICU-specific comorbidities and maternal stress levels with PPD screening scores. DESIGN/METHODS: Prospective study of mothers of NICU-hospitalized infants conducted between 21and 30 days of their infant's life. Mothers completed the Edinburgh Postpartum Depression scale (EPDS) and the Parental Stressor Scale: NICU (PSS: NICU) in the environmental, infant behavior and parental domains. Total EPDS scores and positive PPD screening were correlated with NICU comorbidities, demographic factors and PSS: NICU scores. RESULTS: The incidence of positive PPD screening was 19% (25/135). In bivariate analysis, positive PPD screen was associated with exclusive breastfeeding (67% vs, 35%,  < .05) and maternal age <35 years (32% vs. 12%,  < .05). No observed differences in maternal and infant demographic factors or neonatal comorbidities were seen in mothers with positive PPD screening. Mean PPD screening scores were higher in infants with intraventricular hemorrhage of any grade and necrotizing enterocolitis. In adjusted analysis, overall and domain-specific PSS: NICU scores were associated with positive PPD screening. CONCLUSION: Cumulatively and within each PSS: NICU domain, parental stress correlated with positive PPD screening but was unrelated to NICU comorbidities. Reducing modifiable factors which exacerbate parental stress may impact the incidence of positive PPD screening among NICU mothers.

Recommended Citation

Levinson, M., Parvez, B., Aboudi, D., & Shah, S. (2022). Impact of Maternal Stressors and Neonatal Clinical Factors on Post-Partum Depression Screening Scores. The Journal of Maternal-Fetal & Neonatal Medicine, 35 (7), 1328-1336. https://doi.org/10.1080/14767058.2020.1754394