The Vascular Complications of Diabetes: A Review of Their Management, Pathogenesis, and Prevention

Authors

Juliet Meir, Departments of Cardiology and Medicine, Westchester Medical Center and New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY, USA.
Lillian Huang, Departments of Cardiology and Medicine, Westchester Medical Center and New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY, USA.
Sumaita Mahmood, Departments of Cardiology and Medicine, Westchester Medical Center and New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY, USA.
Harris Whiteson, Departments of Cardiology and Medicine, Westchester Medical Center and New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY, USA.
Scott Cohen, Departments of Cardiology and Medicine, Westchester Medical Center and New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY, USA.
Wilbert S. Aronow, Departments of Cardiology and Medicine, Westchester Medical Center and New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY, USA.

Author Type(s)

Resident/Fellow, Student, Faculty

Journal Title

Expert Review of Endocrinology & Metabolism

First Page

11

Last Page

20

Document Type

Article

Publication Date

1-1-2024

Department

Medicine

Abstract

INTRODUCTION: This review highlights the pathogenesis of both microvascular and macrovascular complications of diabetes and how these mechanisms influence both the management and preventative strategies of these complications. The cumulative data shown in this review suggest hyperglycemic and blood pressure control remain central to this intricate process. AREAS COVERED: We reviewed the literature including retrospective, prospective trials as well as meta-analysis, and post hoc analysis of randomized trials on microvascular andmacrovascular complications. EXPERT OPINION: Further research is needed to explore the ideal intervention targets and preventative strategies needed to prevent macrovascular complications. Furthermore, as the data for trials looking at microvascular complications lengthen more long-term data will further elucidate the role that the duration of diabetes has on these complications. Additionally, trials looking to maximize hyperglycemic control with multiple agents in diabetes, such as metformin, SGL2isand GLP-1 receptor agonists are currently in process, which will have implications for rates of microvascular as well as macrovascular complications.

Recommended Citation

Meir, J., Huang, L., Mahmood, S., Whiteson, H., Cohen, S., & Aronow, W. S. (2024). The Vascular Complications of Diabetes: A Review of Their Management, Pathogenesis, and Prevention. Expert Review of Endocrinology & Metabolism, 19 (1), 11-20. https://doi.org/10.1080/17446651.2023.2279533