NYMC Faculty Publications

CAF to the Rescue! Potential and Challenges of Combination Antifungal Therapy for Reducing Morbidity and Mortality in Hospitalized Patients With Serious Fungal Infections

Author Type(s)

Faculty

DOI

10.1093/ofid/ofae646

Journal Title

Open Forum Infectious Diseases

Document Type

Article

Publication Date

11-1-2024

Department

Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology

Keywords

aspergillosis, combination antifungal therapy, cryptococcosis, invasive candidiasis, mucormycosis

Disciplines

Medicine and Health Sciences

Abstract

The global burden of invasive fungal disease is substantial and escalating. Combination antifungal therapy (CAF) may improve patient outcomes by reducing development of resistance, improving drug penetration and rate of fungal clearance, and allowing for lower and less toxic antifungal drug doses; yet, increased cost, antagonism, drug-drug interactions, and toxicity are concerns. Clinical practice guidelines recommend antifungal monotherapy, rather than CAF, for most invasive fungal diseases due to a lack of comparative randomized clinical trials. An examination of the existing body of CAF research should frame new hypotheses and determine priorities for future CAF clinical trials. We performed a systematic review of CAF clinical studies for invasive candidiasis, cryptococcosis, invasive aspergillosis, and mucormycosis. Additionally, we summarized findings from animal models of CAF and assessed laboratory methods available to evaluate CAF efficacy. Future CAF trials should be prioritized according to animal models showing improved survival and observational clinical data supporting efficacy and safety.

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