NYMC Faculty Publications

Back up at the Pump? I Have a Gut Feeling About This: A Review of the Gastrointestinal Manifestations From Congestive Heart Failure

Author Type(s)

Faculty

DOI

10.1097/CRD.0000000000000534

Journal Title

Cardiology in Review

First Page

4

Last Page

8

Document Type

Article

Publication Date

1-1-2025

Department

Medicine

Keywords

cardiac cachexia, cardiointestinal syndrome, congestive heart failure, congestive hepatopathy, gastroenteropathy, ischemic colitis, ischemic hepatitis

Disciplines

Medicine and Health Sciences

Abstract

Heart failure, which is a clinical syndrome characterized by the heart's inability to maintain adequate cardiac output, is known to affect various organ systems in the body due to its ischemic nature and activation of the systemic immune response, but the resultant complications specifically on the gastrointestinal tract and the liver are not well discussed and poorly understood. Gastrointestinal-related phenomena are common symptoms experienced in patients with heart failure and frequently found to increase morbidity and mortality in these populations. The relationship between the gastrointestinal tract and heart failure are strongly linked and influence each other much so that the bidirectional association of the two is oftentimes referred to as cardiointestinal syndrome. Manifestations include gastrointestinal prodrome, bacterial translocation and protein-losing gastroenteropathy by gut wall edema, cardiac cachexia, hepatic insult and injury, and ischemic colitis. More attention is needed from a cardiology perspective to recognize these common presenting gastrointestinal phenomena that affect much of our patient population with heart failure. In this overview, we describe the association between heart failure and the gastrointestinal tract, the pathophysiology, lab findings, clinical manifestations and complications, and the management involved.

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