NYMC Faculty Publications

Cancer Prevention and Therapy Through the Modulation of the Tumor Microenvironment

Author Type(s)

Faculty

DOI

10.1016/j.semcancer.2015.02.007

Journal Title

Seminars in Cancer Biology

First Page

199

Last Page

199

Document Type

Article

Publication Date

12-1-2015

Department

Medicine

Keywords

Antineoplastic Agents, Carcinogenesis, Cell Proliferation, Humans, Molecular Targeted Therapy, Neoplasms, Neovascularization, Pathologic, Signal Transduction, Tumor Microenvironment

Disciplines

Medicine and Health Sciences

Abstract

Cancer arises in the context of an in vivo tumor microenvironment. This microenvironment is both a cause and consequence of tumorigenesis. Tumor and host cells co-evolve dynamically through indirect and direct cellular interactions, eliciting multiscale effects on many biological programs, including cellular proliferation, growth, and metabolism, as well as angiogenesis and hypoxia and innate and adaptive immunity. Here we highlight specific biological processes that could be exploited as targets for the prevention and therapy of cancer. Specifically, we describe how inhibition of targets such as cholesterol synthesis and metabolites, reactive oxygen species and hypoxia, macrophage activation and conversion, indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase regulation of dendritic cells, vascular endothelial growth factor regulation of angiogenesis, fibrosis inhibition, endoglin, and Janus kinase signaling emerge as examples of important potential nexuses in the regulation of tumorigenesis and the tumor microenvironment that can be targeted. We have also identified therapeutic agents as approaches, in particular natural products such as berberine, resveratrol, onionin A, epigallocatechin gallate, genistein, curcumin, naringenin, desoxyrhapontigenin, piperine, and zerumbone, that may warrant further investigation to target the tumor microenvironment for the treatment and/or prevention of cancer.

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