Exercise and Cardiovascular Health: A State-Of-The-Art Review

Authors

Ameesh Isath, Department of Cardiology, Westchester Medical Centre and New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY, United States of America.
Klaudia J. Koziol, New York Medical College, School of Medicine, Valhalla, NY, United States of America.
Matthew W. Martinez, Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Sports Cardiology and Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy, Atlantic Health, Morristown Medical Center, Morristown, NJ, United States of America.Follow
Carol Ewing Garber, Department of Biobehavioral Sciences, Program in Applied Physiology, Teachers College, Columbia University, United States of America.
Matthew N. Martinez, Department of Pediatric Cardiology, NYU Grossman School of Medicine and Langone Medical Center, NYU Langone Health, New York, NY, United States of America.
Michael S. Emery, Vascular and Thoracic Institute, Section of Clinical Cardiology, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, United States of America.
Aaron L. Baggish, Cardiovascular Performance Program, Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, United States of America.
Srihari S. Naidu, Department of Cardiology, Westchester Medical Centre and New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY, United States of America.
Carl J. Lavie, John Ochsner Heart and Vascular Institute, Ochsner Clinical School, The University of Queensland School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, United States of America.
Ross Arena, Department of Physical Therapy, College of Applied Health Sciences, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States of America.
Chayakrit Krittanawong, Cardiology Division, NYU Langone Health and NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA. Electronic address: Chayakrit.Krittanawong@nyulangone.org.

Author Type(s)

Resident/Fellow, Student, Faculty

DOI

10.1016/j.pcad.2023.04.008

Journal Title

Progress in Cardiovascular Diseases

First Page

44

Last Page

52

Document Type

Article

Publication Date

1-1-2023

Department

Medicine

Keywords

Aerobic exercise, Cardiorespiratory fitness, Cardiovascular diseases, Exercise, Physical activity, Resistance exercise

Disciplines

Medicine and Health Sciences

Abstract

Cardiovascular (CV) disease (CVD) is the leading cause of global morbidity and mortality, and low levels of physical activity (PA) is a leading independent predictor of poor CV health and associated with an increased prevalence of risk factors that predispose to CVD development. In this review, we evaluate the benefits of exercise on CV health. We discuss the CV adaptations to exercise, focusing on the physiological changes in the heart and vasculature. We review the impact and benefits of exercise on specific CV prevention, including type II diabetes, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, coronary artery disease, and heart failure, in addition to CVD-related and all-cause mortality. Lastly, we evaluate the current PA guidelines and various modes of exercise, assessing the current literature for the effective regimens of PA that improve CVD outcomes.

Recommended Citation

Isath, A., Koziol, K. J., Martinez, M. W., Garber, C. E., Martinez, M. N., Emery, M. S., Baggish, A. L., Naidu, S. S., Lavie, C. J., Arena, R., & Krittanawong, C. (2023). Exercise and Cardiovascular Health: A State-Of-The-Art Review. Progress in Cardiovascular Diseases, 79, 44-52. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pcad.2023.04.008