Temporal Trends and Sex Differences in Revascularization and Outcomes of ST-Segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction in Younger Adults in the United States

Authors

• Sahil Khera, New York Medical CollegeFollow
• Dhaval Kolte, New York Medical CollegeFollow
• Tanush Gupta
• Kathir Selvan Subramanian
• Neel Khanna
• Wilbert S. Aronow, New York Medical CollegeFollow
• Chul Ahn
• Robert Timmermans
• Howard A. Cooper, New York Medical College
• Gregg C. Fonarow
• William Frishman, new york medical collegeFollow
• Julio A. Panza, New York Medical CollegeFollow
• Deepak Bhatt

Author Type(s)

Faculty

DOI

10.1016/j.jacc.2015.08.865

Journal Title

Journal of the American College of Cardiology

First Page

1961

Last Page

1972

Document Type

Article

Publication Date

11-3-2015

Department

Medicine

Second Department

Pharmacology

Keywords

Adult, Age Factors, Electrocardiography, Female, Hospital Mortality, Humans, Length of Stay, Male, Middle Aged, Myocardial Infarction, Myocardial Revascularization, Outcome Assessment, Health Care, Prevalence, Risk Factors, Sex Factors, United States

Disciplines

Medicine and Health Sciences

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Older women presenting with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) are less likely to receive revascularization and have worse outcomes relative to their male counterparts.

OBJECTIVES: This study sought to determine temporal trends and sex differences in revascularization and in-hospital outcomes of younger patients with STEMI.

METHODS: We used the 2004 to 2011 Nationwide Inpatient Sample databases to identify all patients age 18 to 59 years hospitalized with STEMI. Temporal trends and sex differences in revascularization strategies, in-hospital mortality, and length of stay were analyzed.

RESULTS: From 2004 to 2011, of 1,363,492 younger adults (age < 60 years) with acute myocardial infarction, 632,930 (46.4%) had STEMI. Younger women with acute myocardial infarction were less likely than men to present with STEMI (adjusted odds ratio [OR]: 0.74; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.73 to 0.75). Younger women with STEMI were less likely to receive reperfusion as compared with younger men (percutaneous coronary intervention adjusted OR: 0.74; 95% CI: 0.73 to 0.75) (coronary artery bypass grafting adjusted OR: 0.61; 95% CI: 0.60 to 0.62) (thrombolysis adjusted OR: 0.80; 95% CI: 0.78 to 0.82). From 2004 to 2011, use of percutaneous coronary intervention for STEMI increased in both younger men (63.9% to 84.8%; ptrend < 0.001) and women (53.6% to 77.7%; ptrend < 0.001). In-hospital mortality was significantly higher in younger women compared with men (4.5% vs. 3.0%; adjusted OR: 1.11; 95% CI: 1.07 to 1.15). There was an increasing trend in risk-adjusted in-hospital mortality in both younger men and women during the study period. Length of stay decreased in both younger men and women (ptrend < 0.001).

CONCLUSIONS: Younger women are less likely to receive revascularization for STEMI and have higher in-hospital mortality as compared with younger men. Use of percutaneous coronary intervention for STEMI and in-hospital mortality have increased, whereas length of stay has decreased in both sexes over the past several years.

Recommended Citation

Khera, S., Kolte, D., Gupta, T., Subramanian, K., Khanna, N., Aronow, W. S., Ahn, C., Timmermans, R., Cooper, H. A., Fonarow, G. C., Frishman, W., Panza, J. A., & Bhatt, D. (2015). Temporal Trends and Sex Differences in Revascularization and Outcomes of ST-Segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction in Younger Adults in the United States. Journal of the American College of Cardiology, 66 (18), 1961-1972. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jacc.2015.08.865